Summary:
The displacement of synchronous generators by converter–interfaced renewable energy sources obliges wind farms to provide inertia, damping, and voltage support, above all in increasingly weak grid conditions. This paper presents a coordinated frequency-domain methodology for tuning all control layers of doubly-fed induction generators (DFIGs) within a wind farm operated as a Virtual Synchronous Machine (VSM).
Starting from a full small-signal linearisation that preserves loop-to-loop and machine-to-machine couplings, the procedure reshapes every local open loop to explicit phase-margin targets through a single, prioritised iteration. The resulting controllers provide a step response and stability margins close to those programmed at the design stage, in spite of the cross coupling between control loops. Since controller synthesis relies exclusively on classical loop-shaping tools available in commercial simulation suites, it is readily applicable to industrial-scale projects.
Spanish layman's summary:
The displacement of synchronous generators by converter–interfaced renewable energy sources obliges wind farms to provide inertia, damping, and voltage support, above all in increasingly weak grid conditions.
This paper presents a co-ordinated frequency-domain methodology} for tuning all control layers of doubly-fed induction generators (DFIGs) within a wind farm operated as a Virtual Synchronous Machine (VSM).
The proposed algorithms could be applied in other multi-loop control systems.
New scenarios require new control alternatives.
English layman's summary:
Este artículo presenta una propuesta para el desarrollo coordinado de los lazos de control para generadores eólicos basados en máquinas de inducción doblemente alimentadas, funcionando como máquinas síncronas virtuales y así
poder paliar la reducción de la inercia que aportaban generadores más convencionales. El procedimiento propuesto podría aplicarse en otros sistemas con varios lazos de control presentes.
El nuevo escenario en el sistema eléctrico requiere formas de control nuevas.
Keywords: DFIG, frequency-domain analysis, grid-forming control, multi-loop control, small-signal stability, virtual synchronous machine, weak grids
Registration date: 06-oct-2025
Citation:
J. García-Aguilar, A. García-Cerrada, J. Zamora, E.J. Bueno, E. Saiz, A. Muñoz-Babiano, M.E. Zarei, "Multi-Loop Design of Virtual Synchronous Machine Control for DFIG-Based Wind Farms", October 2025. IIT-25-314WP.
